ASCPCR is accountable for overseeing the enforcement of children's rights, conducting research, investigating complaints or violations, hosting awareness events, conferences & seminars, and providing guidance to the Government on children-related policies and laws. The Commission’s works are divided into seven components as listed below.

1. Child Marriage (Prevention)- Mainly focuses on monitoring the implementation of the Prohibition of the Child Marriage Act, 2006. Under this component, activities are focused on capacity building of stakeholders under the PCM Act, encouraging reporting of child marriages across the state, strengthening convergence among multiple stakeholders to ensure effective implementation of the PCM Act, 2006.
2. Education- The ASCPCR is mandated to monitor the implementation of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009. This component serves to fulfill the mandates of monitoring the RTE Act, 2009 with technical support from the Samagra Siksha Assam and facilitated by civil society organizations from different districts of the state. Additionally, the Education element focuses on learning levels, basic infrastructure in schools, school safety standards, reducing dropouts, and enhancing attendance.
3. Protection of Children from Child Labour and Trafficking- This component concentrates on preventive actions to reduce child labor and trafficking, while also advocating for rescue operations through the concerned stakeholder departments. This component is responsible for monitoring rescued children, recommending their compensation, and rehabilitation. Review of the legal framework to prevent child labour and child trafficking, capacity building of concerned duty bearers is also undertaken by this component.
4. Protection of Children from Sexual Offences and Child Psychology- Primarily centers on preventative methods and raising awareness about the sexual safety of children. The department also aims to promote the reporting of sexual violence cases, and monitors the legal process, compensation, education, and other rehabilitation measures for child victims of sexual violence. The works under this component also promotes awareness on mental health issues of children, on handling and providing psychological care to POCSO survivors, and to ensure that every child who deals with gender based violence is provided with appropriate psychological support.
5. Child Health and Substance Abuse- The primary focus of this component is on early childhood care, development, and education, with an emphasis on anganwadis, immunisation, and addressing malnutrition. The component also pays attention to the health of new borns through monitoring of hospitals and health services based institutions.
6. Juvenile Justice - Primarily concentrates on overseeing the enforcement of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, evaluating the establishment of facilities mandated by the Act, and arranging awareness programs, workshops, and training sessions for various stakeholders.